Sources

This page lists all the sources that the research notes cite, grouped by topic. The research read each source on 2026-10-07. A date after a title is the publication date, or the date of the last change, as the research gives it. A source without a date has no date in the research.

Specifications and standards

• High Resolution Time Level 2, W3C Recommendation, 2019.
• High Resolution Time Level 3, W3C Working Draft, 2026-09-01.
• High Resolution Time, Editor's Draft, 2026-09-01.
• w3c/hr-time PR #69, the note on throttling, May 2019.
• w3c/hr-time issue #115, the clock during sleep, May 2021.
• Long Animation Frames, W3C First Public Working Draft, 2026-04-28.
• Long Tasks, W3C Working Draft, 2026-03-19.
• Event Timing, W3C Working Draft, 2026-03-19.
• Largest Contentful Paint, W3C Working Draft, 2026-08-26.
• Paint Timing, W3C Working Draft, 2026-10-02.
• Element Timing, W3C Editor's Draft, 2026-09-03.
• Container Timing, WICG draft, 2026-10-01.
• Layout Instability, WICG draft, 2025-12-17.
• Soft Navigations, WICG draft, 2026-08-26.
• Navigation Timing Level 2, W3C Working Draft, 2026-09-01.
• Performance Timeline, W3C Candidate Recommendation Draft, 2025-05-21.
• Timing entry-types registry, 2026-09-16.
• Prerendering, WICG.
• Page Lifecycle, WICG draft, 2022-06-09.
• Compute Pressure, W3C Candidate Recommendation Draft, 2026-05-14.
• requestIdleCallback, W3C Working Draft, 2025-05-21, and its Editor's Draft.
• Scheduling APIs, WICG draft, 2025-05-30.
• Reporting, W3C Working Draft, 2025-06-11.
• Crash Reporting, WICG draft, 2026-02-02.
• Device Memory, W3C Working Draft, 2026-03-30.
• Server Timing, W3C Working Draft, 2026-04-07.
• CPU Performance, WICG draft, 2026-08-15.
• Measure Memory, WICG draft, 2021-05-28.
• JS Self-Profiling, WICG.
• Beacon, W3C.
• HTML Standard, Timers, WHATWG.
• whatwg/html PR #7166, the idle deadline, November 2021.
• RFC 5905, NTPv4, IETF.

Browser data, release notes and standards positions

• MDN browser-compat-data, v8.1.4, 2026-10-01.
• mdn/browser-compat-data issue #21594, duplicated tabs and sessionStorage.
• ChromeStatus, with these features:
  • LongTask on the LoAF backend
  • faster freezing on Android
  • the pause of workers on freeze
  • the crash-report key-value API
  • the Declarative Performance Observer
  • the throttling of dedicated workers.
• Chromium Dash milestone schedule, milestones 151 to 155.
• Chrome release notes 147, 151 and 154.
• "The two-week release cycle is here", Chrome.
• Firefox release calendar, and the Firefox release cadence post, Mozilla, 2026-08-19.
• Firefox 142 for developers, MDN.
• WebKit features in Safari 26.2, 2025-12-12.
• WebKit features in Safari 26.4.
• WebKit features in Safari 27.0, 2026-09-17.
• "LCP and INP are now Baseline Newly available", web.dev, 2025-12-17.
• Interop 2026, web.dev.
• Interop 2025 review, WebKit, 2026-02-06.
• Interop proposals #1067 (LoAF, September 2025), #1352 (CLS, 2026-09-03) and #1372 (LoAF, 2026-09-05).
• Mozilla standards positions and WebKit standards positions.
• "Firefox and Safari Web Vitals", DebugBear, 2025-12-15, updated 2026-03-19.
• requestIdleCallback, caniuse.

Browser documentation

• Chrome: Long Animation Frames, Soft navigations, notRestoredReasons, "Deprecating the unload event", "Freezing on Energy Saver", Page Lifecycle API and Reporting API.
• Chrome blog: "Timer throttling in Chrome 88", "Background tabs in Chrome 57" and "Aligning timers with cross-origin isolation" (Chrome 91).
• Chromium metrics changelog: INP and LCP.
• Chromium: Windows native window occlusion and threading and HangWatcher.
• MDN: PerformanceEventTiming, VisibilityStateEntry, Performance.memory, Performance.timeOrigin, Document.visibilityState, Window.requestAnimationFrame, Window.setTimeout, Window.sessionStorage, WorkerNavigator and WorkerGlobalScope.crossOriginIsolated.
• MDN JavaScript and HTTP: SharedArrayBuffer, Date.now(), Date header and Server-Timing header.
• mdn/content issue #4713, the table of the clock during sleep in each browser and operating system.
• "Monitor your web page's total memory usage", web.dev.

Engine source code

• Chromium Blink: performance.cc, global_performance.cc, time_clamper.h, dom_timer.cc, frame_scheduler_impl.cc, dedicated_worker_object_proxy.cc and the scheduler features.cc.
• Chromium base and gin: time.h, time_win.cc, elapsed_timer.cc, task_queue_selector.h and gin/time_clamper.h.
• Firefox: PerformanceService.cpp.
• WebKit: Performance.cpp and DOMTimer.cpp.

Bugs, intents and engine discussions

• Mozilla bugs: 1348405 (LoAF), 1709767 (the clock during sleep), 1710762 (timeOrigin for each process), 376643 (setInterval after a resume, 2007), 1378586 (the setInterval clamp, Firefox 56), 1377766 (budget throttling, Firefox 58), 1796525 (EcoQoS, Firefox 108) and 1774542 (worker timers in background tabs).
• WebKit bugs: 225610 (the clock during sleep), 258572 (timeOrigin drift), 310264 (LCP in shadow DOM), 299558 (low-entropy images), 319911 (slow interactions, 2026-07-21), 285049 (requestIdleCallback), 98474 (hidden-page timers, 2012) and 168837 (rAF in Low Power Mode).
• WebKit pull requests #69866 and #70039, the render priority after input.
• blink-dev: Pause worklets and dedicated workers on document freeze, Throttling background dedicated workers (2018) and "Freezing on Energy Saver" (Chrome 133).
• WebPerfWG minutes, 2023-06-22.

Clocks, timers and operating systems

• clock_gettime(2), Linux, and clock_gettime(3), macOS.
• Microsoft: "Acquiring high-resolution time stamps", "Windows Time service tools and settings" and timeBeginPeriod.
• NTP 4.2.8 clock discipline, chrony.conf 4.6 and systemd timesyncd-manager.c.
• Bruce Dawson, "Windows Timer Resolution: The Great Rule Change", 2020-10-04, and "Windows Timer Resolution: Megawatts Wasted", 2013-07-08.
• "New Google Chrome feature to drastically reduce battery usage", BleepingComputer.
• "On high-precision JavaScript timers", incolumitas, 2021-12-18.
• Nolan Lawson, "Why do browsers throttle JavaScript timers?", 2025-08-31.
• Eric Schaefer, "The dark side of requestIdleCallback", 2023-03-11.
• Maximiliano Firtman, "Understanding JavaScript in the background".
• "When browsers throttle requestAnimationFrame", Motion, 2020.
• worker-timers and the React scheduler.

Measurement theory and prior art

• Gil Tene, "How NOT to Measure Latency", QCon SF 2015.
• HdrHistogram, wrk2 and jHiccup.
• Vila and Köpf, "Loophole: Timing Attacks on Shared Event Loops in Chrome", USENIX Security 2017.
• Schwarz and others, "Fantastic Timers and Where to Find Them", FC 2017.
• Acer and others, "Where the Wild Warnings Are", CCS 2017.
• Simon Hearne, "Survivorship bias in web performance", 2022.
• Nic Jansma, "Beaconing in practice" and "JS Self-Profiling API in practice".
• Surma, "Is postMessage slow?".
• Node.js: perf_hooks, issue #34661, PR #62935 and issue #47724.
• toobusy-js, timesync and wake-event.
• Noam Rosenthal, "When a millisecond is not a millisecond".
• Sentry PR #23054, the correction of the clock drift after sleep, merged 2026-10-07, and issue #2590.
• react-native issue #57595, the clock drift on iOS 27.
• Daintree issue #12887, an event-loop lag monitor that reports system sleep as lag.

OpenTelemetry specifications and conventions

• Metrics data model, with the stable Single-Writer rule.
• Metrics SDK, with the cardinality limits.
• Prometheus and OpenMetrics compatibility.
• Semantic conventions: browser events, browser resource, session and service attributes.
• Semantic conventions CHANGELOG: v1.34.0 (2025-05-19), v1.40.0 (2026-02-19), v1.42.0 (2026-06-12) and v1.44.0 (2026-08-04).

OpenTelemetry JS, browser and Collector

• OpenTelemetry JS CHANGELOG: 1.29.0 (2024-12-04), 2.7.0 (2026-04-17) and 2.11.0 (2026-08-31).
• OpenTelemetry JS source: MetricCollector.ts, OTLPMetricExporterBase.ts, ServiceInstanceIdDetector.ts, time.ts and Span.ts.
• OpenTelemetry JS issues: #852 (sleep), #4096 (stale observable attribute sets, open from 2023-08-30), PR #6884 (updated 2026-09-24) and #6816 (a clock that the application can replace).
• opentelemetry-browser (from 2025-09-11), its session management and its web-vitals semconv.ts.
• opentelemetry-js-contrib PR #3669, the deprecation of the long-task instrumentation, 2026-08-12.
• Collector contrib: deltatocumulative README and delta.go, interval README, metricstransform README (changed 2026-09-05), aggregateutil and signaltometrics README (changed 2026-09-23).
• Collector contrib issue #46441 (filed 2026-02-25, closed as not planned 2026-07-03) and PR #32958 (closed without a merge 2024-06-22).

Grafana Mimir, Prometheus, Loki and other backends

• Mimir: "Configure the OTel Collector", runbooks, configuration parameters and ingester.
• Mimir source: otel.go and PR #15589 (merged 2026-09-10).
• Prometheus: "Using Prometheus as your OpenTelemetry backend", feature flags, PromQL functions and the OTLP translator.
• Prometheus proposals PROM-77 (a work in progress) and PROM-60 (merged 2026-07-08).
• Grafana Cloud: "OTLP format considerations", "Adaptive Metrics aggregation rules" and metrics usage.
• Tom Braack, "How to use OpenTelemetry and Grafana Alloy to convert delta to cumulative at scale", Grafana, 2024-11-26.
• Loki: OTLP ingestion, otlp.go and recording rules.
• VictoriaMetrics stream aggregation.

Web Vitals

• web-vitals, version 6.2.3, released 2026-10-05: README and CHANGELOG.
• web-vitals metrics: onINP.ts, onCLS.ts, onLCP.ts, onFCP.ts and onTTFB.ts.
• web-vitals helpers: InteractionManager.ts, interactionCountPolyfill.ts, LayoutShiftManager.ts, observe.ts, whenIdleOrHidden.ts, whenActivated.ts, getVisibilityWatcher.ts, bindReporter.ts, initMetric.ts, getNavigationEntry.ts, bfcache.ts, softNavs.ts and getSelector.ts.
• web-vitals attribution: attribution/onINP.ts, attribution/onLCP.ts and attribution/onCLS.ts.

RUM products and tools

• Grafana Faro: faro-web-sdk, the OTLP transport README (changed 2025-08-28) and webVitalsWithAttribution.ts.
• Datadog: RUM data collected, RUM-based metrics and longTaskCollection.ts.
• New Relic: PageViewTiming, performance impact and PR #1869 (September 2026).
• Sentry: automatic instrumentation, entries.ts, "Replay performance overhead", event loop block in Node.js and browser-updates-radar #39 (2026-10-05).
• Honeycomb web vitals.
• Elastic: supported technologies, EDOT Browser telemetry and long tasks.
• SpeedCurve LUX: lux.ts.
• Akamai boomerang: continuity.js and the Continuity plugin documentation.
• ANR-WatchDog, Android.
• "How to catch the frozen tabs and jank your monitoring misses", DEV Community, September 2026.

Writing standard

• STEMG: home page, About STE, Downloads, FAQ and Tools for STE.
• STEMG, "ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical English and Artificial Intelligence", white paper, June 2026.
• ASD, "A milestone in Simplified Technical English: ASD-STE100 Issue 9".
• tcworld, "ASD-STE100 Issue 9: Setting a standard for technical documentation".
• Google, "Code in text", developer documentation style guide.
• Boeing Simplified English Checker.

This project

• lag: the code of @mark1russell7/lag and @mark1russell7/lag/worker, and the browser tests. The notes link to each file that they describe.
• ste-lint: the code of the linter @mark1russell7/ste-lint.
• otel-ts and grafana-infra. The notes describe their local source of 2026-10-07: otel-ts commit d2ca8f7 on the branch fix/lifecycle-flush, and grafana-infra commit c56a945 on the branch lag-pipeline-v2.
• The local experiments E1, E2 and E3 of 2026-10-07.